Eczema in dogs: causes, symptoms & treatment

In this article, you'll learn everything you need to know about eczema in dogs—from the most common causes and typical symptoms to effective treatment, natural home remedies, and proven prevention tips. This way, you can help your dog quickly and keep his skin healthy in the long term.

What is eczema in dogs?

Eczema – also called dermatitis – is an inflammatory skin reaction that can appear very different in dogs. A basic distinction is made between:

• Dry eczema: The skin is scaly, red and itchy, but without oozing.
• Weeping eczema / hot spot: Local, severely inflamed and often purulent areas of skin that may be moist and have a noticeable odor.
• Licking eczema: Caused by the dog itself through excessive licking, often in easily accessible areas such as paws or forelegs.

Eczema often occurs as a reaction to stimuli such as parasites, allergies or psychological stress – so it is usually a symptom of a deeper problem.

Info: Hotspots develop very quickly – within a few hours – and must be treated promptly to prevent spread. Licking eczema On the other hand, skin problems develop gradually through repeated licking and chewing in one area.

How do I recognize eczema? Symptoms at a glance

If you detect something wrong with your dog's skin early, you can prevent more serious symptoms. Typical signs of eczema in dogs include:

• Reddened, inflamed skin areas
• Bald areas or hair loss (often on the back or flanks)
• Strong itching – your dog scratches or licks itself noticeably often
• Scaly or scabby skin
• Weeping or purulent wounds
• Unpleasant smell

Important: These symptoms can also indicate other problems such as allergies or parasitic infestation. A veterinarian should therefore always be consulted for further clarification.

Causes: Why does my dog ​​get eczema?

The list of possible triggers for eczema is long – and often involves a combination of factors. The most common causes include:

• Bacterial infections: If bacteria enter the skin through small wounds , this can lead to inflammation.
• Parasites: Fleas, mites or ticks can trigger severe reactions and lead to hot spots lead.
• Allergies: On food components, pollen or house dust – the so-called atopic dermatitis is one of the most common chronic skin diseases in dogs.
• Incorrect care: Washing too often, using aggressive shampoos or not drying your hair properly after bathing can irritate the skin barrier.
• Mechanical stimuli: Rubbing harnesses, other dogs' claws, or scratching can injure the skin.
• Psychological triggers: Boredom, stress or frustration promote the so-called licking eczema.

What is lick eczema in dogs?

The Licking eczema , also called "acral lick dermatitis," is a specific form of eczema. It is caused by repeated licking—usually due to boredom, stress, or chronic understimulation.

Typical are:

• Licked smooth, hairless areas
• Thickened, partially discolored or inflamed skin
• Chronic course with relapses
• Often on paws, forelegs or the wrist joint

The problem: The more the dog licks, the more the skin becomes irritated—which further intensifies the itching. A vicious cycle develops.

Treatment: What helps with eczema?

First aid measures at home

If eczema has just been discovered and the affected area is still small and not severely inflamed, you can take cautious initial measures:

• Gentle cleansing with lukewarm water (if necessary diluted chamomile tea)
• Cooling compresses (e.g. with black tea or diluted apple cider vinegar)
• Natural Care: Paws Happiness by EnviWell (Probiotic Care for Paws, Wounds & Eczema)
• Avoid licking: if necessary, bandage or protective collar

Natural anti-itch remedies like coconut oil or calendula tincture are often mentioned. However, be sure to consult your veterinarian first to avoid contraindicated treatments!

When to go to the vet?

In the following cases, your dog should definitely be treated professionally:

• The eczema worsens despite care
• The inflammation is oozing or smells unpleasant
• Your dog is visibly suffering and seems exhausted
• Recurring or widespread skin problems

The veterinarian can narrow down the cause through skin swabs, allergy tests, and, if necessary, blood tests. Depending on the findings, treatment may include antibiotics, anti-inflammatory ointments, diets, or antihistamines.

Holistic approaches

Especially in cases of recurring or stress-related eczema, it is worth taking a look at the entire living environment of the dog:

• Reduce stress: More exercise, mental work and a high-quality social life contribute to mental balance.
• Optimize feed: Hypoallergenic or grain-free diets eliminate food intolerances.
• Strengthen the skin: Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamins can contribute to the regeneration of the skin barrier.

How to prevent eczema in dogs

Prevention is the best protection – and it starts with daily attention. With these measures, you can actively combat skin problems:

• Regular grooming & check-up : Check for parasites or small wounds after walks
• Hygienic environment: Clean sleeping areas, regular washing of blankets and baskets
• Parasite prophylaxis: With natural or chemical means, as required
• Good nutrition: High-quality complete food with omega fatty acids and few additives
• Promote mental health: Employment, clear structures and sufficient rest periods

Detect eczema early and act – for your dog’s skin health

Eczema in dogs is unfortunately not uncommon – but with a careful eye, regular care and the right approach, you can help your four-legged friend quickly and prevent long-term problems. Whether you have a Hot Spot , a Licking eczema or you suspect allergic dermatitis: Observe changes early and, if in doubt, go to the veterinarian once too often.

Your dog can't help himself – but you can. Show care and take care of your skin and heart equally.

FAQ: The most frequently asked questions about eczema in dogs

What is the difference between eczema and hot spot?

A hot spot is a particularly rapidly and heavily oozing form of eczema—often caused by bacteria and very painful. Eczema also includes drier forms.

Are dog eczema contagious?

Not usually—although parasitic eczema (e.g., caused by mites) can be transmitted to other animals. Humans are rarely affected.

Can food cause eczema?

Yes, food allergies are one of the most common causes of atopic dermatitis in dogs. An elimination diet can provide clarity.

Which ointments help with eczema?

Depending on the type and cause, disinfectant, anti-itch, or antibiotic ointments may help. Always seek veterinary advice – not every human cream is suitable for dogs!

Are you unsure whether your dog has eczema?
Talk to your veterinarian – or schedule an appointment right away. The earlier eczema is detected, the better the chances of recovery.